arithmetic-accuracy-frontier-models-depends-strongly-how-digits CLM-0023
mechanismsingle paperReviewed by AI and Russ Miller

Arithmetic accuracy in frontier models depends strongly on how digits are chunked into tokens; a different digit grouping changes error rates.

Capability: Digit-level arithmetic

Sources

Reviewed by AI and Russ MillerLast checked: 2026-09-03Evidence activityHow much the field cites the sources under this claimsteadily cited in the last 12 months44 in 12mo · 126 total — Tokenization counts: the impact of tokenization on arithmetic in frontier LLMs
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